1 MILLION
SPECIES ARE AT RISK OF
EXTINCTION. MANY WITHIN THE
NEXT DECADE DURING A 1000 TOSH
A DAILY WILDLIFE REPORTER FOR
NATIONAL
GEOGRAPHIC NATASHA THANKS FOR
JOINING US HERE TODAY. SO TAKE
THIS CASE TO TAKE A STEP BACK
HERE WHEN DOES A SPECIES
ACTUALLY GET THE LABEL OF BEING
ENDANGERED.
>>RIGHT SPACE A SPECIES THAT IS
CONSIDERED AN OFFICIALLY
DESIGNATED ENDANGERED WHEN IT'S
ON THE BRINK OF EXTINCTION SO
UM YOU KNOW THERE ARE THERE ARE
SEVERAL FACTORS THAT COULD MAKE
A SPECIES BE ESSENTIALLY ON THE
BRINK OF EXTINCTION INCLUDING
DESTRUCTION TO ATTACK THE TATAR
RANGE. IF IT'S BEING
OVERFISHED ROVER USED FOR
COMMERCIAL PURPOSES. IF YOU
KNOW DISEASES SPREADING THAT IS
ATTACKING ONE SPECIES IN
PARTICULAR THESE ARE ALL
FACTORS THAT CAN LEAD TO ITS
DESIGNATION AS ENDANGERED AND
THERE ARE
CURRENTLY 719 SPECIES ANIMAL
SPECIES IN THE US THAT ARE
LISTED AS ENDANGERED OR
THREATENED.
>>AND AS MUCH AS 719 STILL A
VERY A LOT COULD YOU EXPLAIN TO
OUR VIEWERS MAY BE THE
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN
ENDANGERED SPECIES AND A
THREATENED SPECIES, WHAT DOES
THAT MEAN I'M SURE WE GET THE
IDEA THAT ONE IS PROBABLY
COMPLETELY WIPED OUT BUT MAYBE
GIVE US THE BACK STORY
OF WHAT THOSE 2 DIFFERENCES
ARE.
>>ENDANGERED MEANS THAT THE
SPECIES REALLY IS ON THE BRINK
OF EXTINCTION. I'M FRED
AND MEANS THAT THE SPECIES
COULD POTENTIALLY BE ON THE
BRINK OF EXTINCTION IF IT IS
NOT PROTECTED IN CERTAIN WAYS
SO IT'S JUST IT'S
JUST A IT'S A IT'S A LOWER
CLASSIFICATION AND THREATENED
SPECIES ARE PROTECTED IN MANY
SIMILAR TO ENDANGERED SPECIES.
BUT THEY'RE THE THE
PROTECTIONS ARE LITTLE MORE
FLUID.
>>THEY'RE OBVIOUSLY LARGER
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
WHEN AN ANIMAL IS EITHER
ENDANGERED OR ALL THE WAY OF
BEING EXTINCT, SO WHAT ARE SOME
OF THE CONSEQUENCES WHEN
SPECIES
COMPLETELY DISAPPEARS ON THE
PLANET.
>>RIGHT SO EVERY SPECIES OF
COURSE IS REALLY IMPORTANT TO
ITS OWN ECOSYSTEM WHETHER IT'S
A TINY MOLLUSK OR SNAIL
OR ON LARGE A PREDATOR I'M SO
YOU KNOW AND AND IN PARTICULAR
ON MANY SPECIES ARE CONSIDERED
KEYSTONE'S ISIS AND A KEYSTONE
SPECIES AS A SPECIES THAT IS
PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT TO ITS
ENVIRONMENT AND THAT MANY OTHER
SPECIES DEPEND ON. SO OF COURSE
YOU CAN IMAGINE IF ONE OF
KEYSTONE SPECIES GOES EXTINCT,
IT WOULD
HAVE RIPPLE EFFECTS ON THE
WHOLE POPULATION.
>>I SO AS YOU MENTIONED 719
ANIMALS RIGHT NOW ARE LISTED AS
EITHER ENDANGERED OR
THREATENED. BUT
113 OF THOSE SPECIES. ALL ARE
COMING FROM CALIFORNIA
INTERESTING ENOUGH THEY HAVE
THE HIGHEST AMOUNT OF ALL THE
STATES. WHAT IS IT ABOUT
CALIFORNIA THAT
HAS THE MOST AMOUNT OUT THERE.
>>CALIFORNIA IS OF COURSE A
HUGE
SO ITS SHEER SIZE IS A FACTOR.
IT'S IT'S FEEL VERMONT FOR
EXAMPLE ONLY HAS 4 ENDANGERED
SPECIES AND IT'S ALSO VERY
TINY. SO THAT'S ONE FACTOR, BUT
THAT SEEMS PRETTY OBVIOUS ON
THE LESS KIND OF OBVIOUS THING
IS THAT IN CALIFORNIA. YOU HAVE
MANY BURIED ECOSYSTEMS. AND SO
MANY OF THE
ANIMALS THAT LIVE IN THESE
DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEMS. OUR
CONDITIONS AND ARE GENETICALLY
ADAPTED TO THRIVE AND IN VERY
VERY SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENT, AND
OFTEN THESE ENVIRONMENTS ARE
VERY SMALL. SO WHAT HAPPENS IS
IF ONE PARTICULAR ENVIRONMENT
JUST FRIENDS. THAT IF THAT'S
THE SEAS CAN ONLY HAVE A TINY
RANGE AND OF COURSE THAT'S
REALLY GOING TO ACT BUT ANIMAL
SO THAT'S AND THAT'S A
HUGE REASON WHY CALIFORNIA
LEADS THE CHARGE AND ENDANGERED
SPECIES LET'S TALK ABOUT
CLIMATE CHANGE SPECIFICALLY HOW
IS IN DANGER NEGATIVELY
IMPACTED A LOT OF THE SPECIES.
WITH CLIMATE CHANGE BECAUSE
UNLIKE PREDATION OR DISEASE OR
YOU KNOW EVEN OVERFISHING AND
CLIMATE CHANGE OF THE IMPACTS
OF CLIMATE CHANGE HAPPEN MORE
SLOWLY OVER TIME. SO IT'S
ACTUALLY EVEN HARD TO DETERMINE
AT THIS
DIFFERENT SKIS
WILL BE OR HAVE BEEN AFFECTED
BY CLIMATE CHANGE. YOU KNOW
THERE THERE'S IN VIRGINIA.
THERE'S I'M AN ENDANGERED
SPECIES CALLED THE SHENANDOAH
SALAMANDER AND IT LIVES ONLY IN
SHENANDOAH NATIONAL PARK AND IT
LIVES ON AT VERY VERY HIGH
ALTITUDES IN THE PARK BECAUSE
IT LIKES COOL WEATHER. BUT OF
IT IS POTENTIALLY AT RISK
STUDENT CLIMATE CHANGE BECAUSE
IF
TEMPERATURES CONTINUE TO WARM.
THEN THOSE COOL MULTITUDE SOME
TOPS OF MOUNTAINS MAY NOT BE SO
HABITABLE FOR THESE SALAMANDERS
ANYMORE AND WHAT'S THE ROLE OF
LET'S SAY LIKE PRIVATE
LANDOWNERS HERE WHEN IT COMES
TO SEEDING A LOT OF THE SPECIES
FROM EXTINCTION.
>>ALMOST HALF
HALF OF LISTED SPECIES. HAVE A
LARGE PART
OF THEIR HABITAT ON PRIVATE
LANDS RELATIONSHIPS WITH
PRIVATE LANDOWNERS ARE REALLY
IMPORTANT TO PRESERVING THE
SPECIES HABITATS THERE'S
SOMETHING CALLED SAFE HARBOR
AGREEMENT ON IN WHICH PRIVATE
LANDOWNERS CAN VOLUNTARILY.
OFFER
TO PROTECT A SPECIES ON THEIR
LANDS AND THEY'RE ABLE TO WORK
WITH THE US FISH AND WILDLIFE
SERVICE IN DOING THAT. ONE
EXAMPLE IS THE WYOMING TOWED
WHICH IS A TOTAL THE ONLY LIVES
IN A VERY SPECIFIC PART OF
WYOMING AND HE WAS THOUGHT TO
BE EXTINCT. ACTUALLY FOR A LONG
TIME. IT WAS ONLY THROUGH
CAPTIVE BREEDING EFFORTS THAT
IT WAS ACTUALLY BROUGHT BACK
AND RELEASED MANY OF THE
RELEASES OF THESE TOLD HAPPENED